The International Criminal Law of Children on War Crimes
Abstract
Whilst the system of international criminal law is a relatively new branch of public international law, its foundations are comparatively based on ancient times. This system has mostly been applied to serious criminal violations committed by individuals, groups, organizations and states. It is the first system of public international law which deals with all of its violators as independent subjects of law. The international criminal law of children is that part of international criminal law which deals with the rights belonging to the children of the world and the obligations of individuals, organizations and states not only to fulfil and respect those rights but also to prevent their violation in national, regional or international relations. The rights of children should be regarded as peremptory parts of international criminal law and therefore inalienable because of their essential role in the protection of children from the unlawful and immoral acts of individuals acting behind the international legal personality of their states. Children are thus the protected subjects of international law, whether in times of peace or war. This is also confirmed in the judgments of the SCSL and the ICC. The word ‘child’ in the article is used without any prejudice as to the sex or the physical or mental capability of the child.
References
Albin Eser., Transnational Measures against the Impunity of International Crimes, JICJ (2012), p. 621-634.
Arts, Karin; Popovski, Vesselin (eds.), International Criminal Accountability and the Rights of Children (2006).
Bergsmo, Morten (ed.), Thematic Prosecution of International Sex Crimes (2012).
Boas Gideon and William A. Schabas (eds.), International Criminal Law Developments in the Case Law of the ICTY (2003).
Comparative Youth Justice – Critical Issues (2009).
Edward M. Wise, ‘Prolegomenon to the Principles of International Criminal Law,’ 16 New York University Law Review (1970).
Farhad Malekian and Kerstin Nordlöf, Confessing the International Rights of Children (2012).
Farhad Malekian and Kerstin Nordlöf, Confessing the International Rights of Children (2012).
Farhad Malekian and Kerstin Nordlöf, International Legal Status of Children in the Encyclopaedia of Criminology & Criminal Justice, (Jay S. Albanese, editor, Wiley-Blackwell, 5 volumes, 2014).
Farhad Malekian and Kerstin Nordlöf, International Legal Status of Children in the Encyclopaedia of Criminology & Criminal Justice (Jay S. Albanese, editor,2014).
Farhad Malekian and Kerstin Nordlöf, Prohibition of Sexual Exploitation of Children Constituting Obligations Erga Omnes (2013).
Farhad Malekian and Kerstin Nordlöf, The Sovereignty of Children in Law (2012).
Farhad Malekian, Armenian Genocide and the Questions of Responsibility of the Turkish Government (House of Commons Conference on the Armenia Genocide, Nor Serount Publications, 2007), p. 31-39.
Farhad Malekian, Consolidating the International Criminal Law of Children, Criminal Law Forum (2014).
Farhad Malekian, International Criminal Law: The Legal and Critical Analysis of International Crimes (2 vols. 1991).
Farhad Malekian, International Criminal Responsibility, in M. Cherif Bassiouni (ed.), International Criminal Law, (1999).
Farhad Malekian, Judging International Criminal Justice in the Occupied Territories, International Criminal Law Review 12 (2012) 827–869, 841.
Farhad Malekian, Jurisprudence of International Criminal Justice (2014).
Farhad Malekian, Principles of Islamic International Criminal Law: A Comparative Search (2011).
Farhad Malekian, The Monopolization of International Criminal Law in the United Nations: A Jurisprudential Approach (2 ed, 1995).
Georg Schwarzenberger, ‘The Problem of an International Criminal Law,’ 3 Current Legal Problems (1950).
Gerhard Kermp, Individual Criminal Liability for the Crime of Aggression (2010).
Grover, Sonja C., Prosecuting International Crimes and Human Rights Abuses Committed Against Children – Leading International Court Cases (2010).
Hans Kelsen, Will the Judgement of the Nürenberg Trial Constitute a Precedent in International Law, 1 INT’L L.Q 153 (1947).
International Committee of the Red Cross, Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, Geneva, Geneva, 1977, pp.89-101; 16 ILM (1977).
Kerstin Nordlöf, Straffprocessuella Tvångsmedel: Gripande, Anhållande och Häktning (1987).
Kerstin Nordlöf, Straffrättens Processer för Unga Lagöverträdare (1991).
Kerstin Nordlöf, The Legal Philosophy of Protecting a Suspect Child, Journal of the XVII World Congress of the International Association of Youth and Family Judges and Magistrates in Belfast, Northern Ireland, 27 August – 1September 2006.
Kerstin Nordlöf, Unga Lagöverträdare i Social, Straff- och Processrätt (2005).
M. Cherif Bassiouni (ed.), International Criminal Law (3 vols., 1999).
M. Cherif Bassiouni, ‘International Recognition of Victims’ Rights,’ in Bassiouni (ed.), International Criminal Law, vol. III, 635-701 (2008).
M. Cherif Bassiouni, Introduction to International Criminal Law (2003).
Michael Bacharach, ‘The Protection and Rights of Victims under International Criminal Law,’ 34(1) The International Lawyer (2000).
Robert A Friedlander, ‘The Foundations of International Criminal Law: A Present-Day Inquiry,’ 15 Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law13 (1983).
Sheldon Glueck, By What Tribunal Shall War Offenders Be Tried?, 56 Harv.L.R. 1059 (1942-3).
The United Nations War Crimes Commission., History of the United Nations War Crimes Commission and the Development of the Laws of War (London, 1948).
Yoram Dinstein, ‘International Criminal Law,’ 20 Israel Law Review 206 (1985).
Webpages not included.
Copyright (c) 2016 HORIZONS OF EDUCATION
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright to their work while granting the journal the right of first publication. The work will be simultaneously licensed under a CC BY-ND license, which permits others to share the work with proper credit given to the author and the original publication in this journal.
- Authors may enter into additional, non-exclusive agreements for the distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., posting it in an institutional repository or publishing it in another journal), provided that the original publication in this journal is acknowledged.
We allow and encourage authors to share their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on personal websites) both before and during the submission process, as this can foster beneficial exchanges and lead to earlier and increased citations of the published work. (See The Effect of Open Access). We recommend using any of the following academic networking platforms: