Europeanisation of Entrepreneurship Education in Europe – Looking Back and Looking Forward
Abstract
Entrepreneurship Education is perceived as one of the key challenges of modern education systems and socio-economic growth and development. Its origins date back to the 1940s in the United States, while in Europe, depending on the individual countries to the 1980s or 1990s. In the policy of the European Union, entrepreneurial education has a significant place from the beginning of the twenty-first century and its rapid reorganization took place in 2006. The main objective of the paper is to review and discuss the efforts of the European Union itself as well as its member states in promoting entrepreneurship education in Europe. The literature and documentation review as well as its constructive critics was applied as the main research method.
References
Berger S., Canning R., Dolan M., Kurek S., Pilz M., Rachwał T., Curriculum-Making in Pre-vocational Education in the Lower Secondary School: A Regional Comparative Analysis within Europe, “Journal of Curriculum Studies” 2012, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 679-701.
Best Procedure: Project on Education and Training for Entrepreneurship, Final Report of The Expert Group, European Commission – DG Enterprise & Industry, Brussels 2002, p. 23.
de la Durantaye K., H is fore Harmonization: The Google Book Search Settlement and Orphan Works Legislation in the European Union, “New York Law School Law Review” 2011, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 157-173.
Dyson K., Goetz K.H., Living with Europe: Power, Constraint and Contestation, in: Germany, Europe and the Politics of Constraint, eds. K. Dyson, K.H. Goetz, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003, pp. 3-36.
Effects and Impact of Entrepreneurship Programmes in Higher Education, 2012, European Commission, DG Enterprise and Industry, Brussels.
Enterprise and Entrepreneurship Education. Guidance for UK Higher Education Providers, Draft for Consultations, The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA), February 2012, mimeo.
Entrepreneurship 2020 Action Plan: Reigniting the entrepreneurial spirit in Europe, European Commission, 2013, COM(2012) 795 final, Brussels.
Entrepreneurship Education in Europe: Fostering Entrepreneurial Mindsets through Education and Learning.
Final Proceedings, European Commission – Ministry of Education and Research of Finland, Oslo 26-27 October 2006.
Entrepreneurship Education at School in Europe: National Strategies, Curricula and Learning Outcomes, Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency, Brussels 2012.
Entrepreneurship Education: A Guide for Educators, European Commission – DG Enterprise & Industry, Brussels – June 2013, p. 6.
Entrepreneurship Everywhere: The Case for Entrepreneurship Education, Consortium for Entrepreneurship Education, Columbus, OH 2008.
Entrepreneurship in Higher Education, especially with Non-Business Studies, Final report of the Expert Group, European Commission – Enterprise and Industry Directorate-General, Brussels – March 2008.
Europe 2020: A Strategy for Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth, 2010, European Commission, COM(2010) 2020 final, Brussels.
European Entrepreneurship Chairs, European Foundation for Entrepreneurship Research, Hilversum 2001.
Featherstone K., In the Name of Europe, in: The Politics of Europeanization, eds. K. Featherstone, C.M. Radaelli, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003, pp. 5-6.
Garavan T.N., O’Cinneide B., Entrepreneurship Education and Training Programmes: A Review and Evaluation, “Journal of European Industrial Training” 1994, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 3-12.
Gaweł A., Strategic Management Games from the Perspective of a Business Trainer (chapter 4), in: The Strategic Management Virtual Game Method in Business Education, eds. A. Gaweł, M. Pietrzykowski, Wydawnictwo Ius at Tax, Warszawa 2014, pp. 77-94.
Gaweł A., The Case Study Method in Entrepreneurial and Managerial Education in a Knowledge-based Economy, in: The Case Study Method in Business Education, eds. Ph.
Ammerman at al., Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań 2012, pp. 25-38.
Guzmán J., Liñán F., Perspectives on Entrepreneurial Education: A US-Europe Comparison, Universidad Antionio de Nebrija, Madrid 2005.
Heinonen J., Poikkijoki S.A., An Entrepreneurial-directed Approach to Entrepreneurship Education: Mission Impossible?, “Journal of Management Development” 2006, vol. 25, no. 1.
Holzhacker R., Haverland M., Introduction: Cooperation and Integration among Europeanized States, in: European Research Reloaded: Cooperation and Integration among Europeanized States, eds. R. Holzhacker, M. Haverland, Spinger, Dordrecht 2006, pp. 1-18.
Hytti U., O’Gorman C., What is ‘enterprise education’? An Analysis of the Objectives and Methods of Enterprise Education Programmes in four European Countries, “Education + Training” 2004, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 11-23.
Implementing the Community Lisbon Programme: Fostering entrepreneurial mindsets through education and learning, Communication from the Commission, Brussels, 13.2.2006, COM(2006) 33 final.
Jamieson I., Schools and Enterprise, in: Education for Enterprise, eds. A.G. Watts, P. Moran, Careers Research and Advisory Centre CRAC, Cambridge 1984, pp. 19-27.
Katz J.A., Survey of Endowed Positions in Entrepreneurship and Related Fields in the United States, Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership, Kansas City 2003.
Kozlinska I., 2011, Contemporary Approaches to Entrepreneurship Education, “Journal of Business Management”, no. 4, pp. 205-220.
Kurek S., Rachwał T., Szubert M., Business Competencies in Polish School Curricula: Opinions of Teachers and Social Partners, in: Fit for Business. Pre-Vocational Education in European Schools, eds. M. Pilz, S. Berger, R. Canning, Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Springer 2012, pp. 61-88.
Kurek S., Rachwał T., The Role of Business Education in the Development of Entrepreneurship in the Member States of the European Union, “Europa XXI” 2010, vol. 19, PAN, Warszawa, pp. 127-142.
Liñán F., Intention-Based Models of Entrepreneurship Education, “Piccola Impresa”/ “Small Business” 2004, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 11-35.
McCoshan A. at al., Towards Greater Cooperation and Coherence in Entrepreneurship Education, European Commission – DG Enterprise & Industry, Birmingham – Brussels 2012.
Morris M.H., Webb J.W., Fu J., Singhal S., A Competency-Based Perspective on Entrepreneurship Education: Conceptual and Empirical Insights, “Journal of Small Business Management” 2014, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 352-369.
Najda-Janoszka M., Wach K., Lifelong Learning in the Fields of Tourism in the European Union taking Poland into Special Consideration, in: Entrepreneurship in Tourism and Sport Business, ed. M. Bednarczyk, Fundacja dla Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków 2008, pp. 45-58.
Olsen J.P., The Many Faces of Europeanization, “Journal of Common Market Studies” 2002, vol. 40, no. 5.
Pardo C.A., Is Business Creation the Mean or the End of Entrepreneurship Education? A Multiple Case Study Exploring Teaching Goals in Entrepreneurship Education, “Journal of Technology Management & Innovation” 2013.
Płaziak M., Rachwał T., Entrepreneurship Courses in Spatial Management Studies in Polish Universities, “Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences” 2014, vol. 110, pp. 710-718.
Rachwał T., Entrepreneurship Education as a Growth Stimulus for Family Firms (Chapter 9), in: Exploring the Dynamics of Entrepreneurship, eds. A. Surdej & K. Wach, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń, 2010, pp. 139-156.
Rachwał T., Kształtowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych w edukacji szkolnej, in: Szkoła w nauce i praktyce edukacyjnej, ed. B. Muchacka, t. II, Oficyna Wydawnicza “Impuls”, Kraków 2006, pp. 427-434.
Raposo M., Paço A. do, Entrepreneurship Education: Relationship between Education and Entrepreneurial Activity, “Psicothema” 2011, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 453-457.
Rethinking Education: Investing in Skills for better Socio-Economic Outcomes, Commission Communication, COM(2012)669, Brussels – 20.11.2012.
Rybkowski R., Europeanization of European Universities. Between Two Currents of Changes, “Horyzonty Polityki” 2013, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 110-123.
Rybkowski R., Uniwersytety jako element amerykańskiego modelu gospodarczego, in: Amerykański model rozwoju gospodarczego, eds. W. Bieńkowski, M.J. Radło, Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Handlowej, Warszawa 2006, pp. 62-68.
Smith R.K.M., Unveiling a Role for the EU? The ‘Headscarf Controversy’ in European Schools, “Education and the Law” 2007, vol. 19, no. 2, s. 111-130.
Ström M., The European Union and the Policy in favour of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, “Entrepreneurship Policy for the Future”, Swedish Foundation for Small Business Research, Stockholm – Örebro, 2011.
Szromnik A., Uczelnia na zagranicznym rynku edukacyjnym – strategia internacjonalizacji szkoły wyższej, “Management and Business Administration. Central Europe” 2014, vol. 22, no. 1(124), pp. 36-59.
Treaty on European Union (TEU), OJ C 2010, no. 83, pp. 13-46.
Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), OJ C 2008, no. 115, pp. 47-199.
Vanevenhoven J., Advances and Challenges in Entrepreneurship Education, “Journal of Small Business Management” 2014, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 466-470.
Volkmann Ch. at al., Educating the Next Wave of Entrepreneurs. Unlocking Entrepreneurial Capabilities to Meet the Global Challenges of the 21st Century. A Report of the Global Education Initiative, World Economic Forum, Geneva 2009.
Wach K., Edukacja na rzecz przedsiębiorczości wobec współczesnych wyzwań cywilizacyjno-gospodarczych, “Przedsiębiorczość – Edukacja” 2013, vol. 9, pp. 246-257.
Wach K., Entrepreneurship Education in Poland, “ERENET Profile” 2008, vol. III, no. 3 (11), pp. 36-44.
Wach K., Europeizacja – próba systematyki i konceptualizacji podejść badawczych, “Horyzonty Polityki” 2013, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 15-50.
Wach K., Europeizacja małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw: rozwój przez umiędzynarodowienie, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2012.
Wach K., Internationalisation and Globalisation as the Wider Context of Europeanisation Processes from the Macro- and Microeconomic Perspective, “Horyzonty Polityki” 2014, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 11-30.
Wach K., Kształtowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych w programach nauczania. Stan obecny i proponowane kierunki zmian, w: Kształtowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych a edukacja ekonomiczna, red. P. Wachowiak, M. Dąbrowski, B. Majewski, Fundacja Promocji i Akredytacji Kierunków Ekonomicznych, Warszawa 2007, pp. 120-127.
Wach K., Szkoły wyższe w służbie dla rozwoju przedsiębiorczości lokalnej, “Prace Naukowe Akademii Ekonomicznej we Wrocławiu”, no. 95(2002).
Wach K., The Scale of Internationalisation and Europeanisation of SMEs and their Operating in the Spatial Systems of the EU, “Przedsiębiorczość – Edukacja” 2014, vol. 10.
Wach K., Wokół pojęcia europeizacji, “Horyzonty Polityki” 2010, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 195-208.
Wach K., Wymiary europeizacji i jej kontekst, “Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie”, no. 852(2011), pp. 29-43.
Wilson K., Entrepreneurship Education at European Universities and Business Schools. Results of a Joint Pilot Survey, paper presented at OECD International Conference on “Foster Entrepreneurship: The Role of Higher Education” June 23-24, 2005.
Zioło Z., Rachwał T., Entrepreneurship in Geographical Research, in: Contemporary Issues in Polish Geography, ed. P. Churski, Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań 2012, pp.135-155.
Copyright (c) 2016 HORIZONS OF EDUCATION
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright to their work while granting the journal the right of first publication. The work will be simultaneously licensed under a CC BY-ND license, which permits others to share the work with proper credit given to the author and the original publication in this journal.
- Authors may enter into additional, non-exclusive agreements for the distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., posting it in an institutional repository or publishing it in another journal), provided that the original publication in this journal is acknowledged.
We allow and encourage authors to share their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on personal websites) both before and during the submission process, as this can foster beneficial exchanges and lead to earlier and increased citations of the published work. (See The Effect of Open Access). We recommend using any of the following academic networking platforms: