Physical Punishment of Children in the Culture and Conduct of Fatherhood. The Experiences of Three Generations of Fathers
Abstract
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to examine physical punishment in the context of the culture and practices of fatherhood, presenting both continuity and intergenerational change.
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem is, how in the experiences of fathers belonging to three generations of the same family line (grandfather, father, son) is situated the physical violence experienced from their own fathers and used against their children. The data presented is a part of a broader project using qualitative methods and three research techniques: problem-focused interviews, photo-assisted interviews, and interviews based on family maps.
THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The introduction presents fatherhood as a variable social phenomenon, currently taking two basic forms – traditional fatherhood and new fatherhood. These models also differ in their approaches to violence understood as a disciplinary physical punishment. These differences are illustrated with examples from research on fatherhood from an intergenerational perspective.
RESEARCH RESULTS: The analysis illustrated the similarities and differences in cultures and practices of fatherhood relating to physical punishment among representatives of three generations of fathers. It revealed elements of continuity and intergenerational change.
CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: The research leads to the conclusion that education on physical punishment of children is justified. This should be the basis for activities that encourage fathers to reflect on their role and relationship with their children (educational projects, media discourse).
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